One of the major reasons for studying chemical kinetics is to use measurements of the macroscopic properties of a system, such as the rate of change in the concentration of reactants or products with time. 542-05-2, Name is 3-Oxopentanedioic acid, formurla is C5H6O5. In a document, author is Munier, Mathilde, introducing its new discovery. SDS of cas: 542-05-2.
In Vitro Effects of the Endocrine Disruptor p,p ‘-DDT on Human Follitropin Receptor
BACKGROUND: 1-chloro-4-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl) ethyl] benzene (p,p’-DDT) is a persistent environmental endocrine disruptor (ED). Several studies have shown an association between p,p’-DDT exposure and reproductive abnormalities. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the putative effects of p, p’-DDT on the human follitropin receptor (FSHR) function. METHODS AND RESULTS: We used Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells stably expressing human FSHR to investigate the impact of p,p’-DDT on FSHR activity and its interaction with the receptor. At a concentration of 5 mu M p, p’-DDT increased the maximum response of the FSHR to follitropin by 32 +/- 7.45%. However, 5 mu M p,p’-DDT decreased the basal activity and did not influence the maximal response of the closely related LH/hCG receptor to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). The potentiating effect of p,p’-DDT was specific for the FSHR. Moreover, in cells that did not express FSHR, p,p’-DDT had no effect on cAMP response. Thus, the potentiating effect of p,p’-DDT was dependent on the FSHR. In addition, p,p’-DDT increased the sensitivity of FSHR to hCG and to a low molecular weight agonist of the FSHR, 3-((5methyl)-2-(4-benzyloxyphenyl)- 5-{[2-[3-ethoxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-methyl}-4-oxo-thiazolidin-3-yl)benzamide (16a). Basal activity in response to p,p’-DDT and potentiation of the FSHR response to FSH by p,p’-DDT varied among FSHR mutants with altered transmembrane domains (TMDs), consistent with an effect of p,p’-DDT via TMD binding. This finding was corroborated by the results of simultaneously docking p, p’-DDT and 16a into the FSHR transmembrane bundle. CONCLUSION: p,p’-DDT acted as a positive allosteric modulator of the FSHR in our experimental model. These findings suggest that G protein-coupled receptors are additional targets of-endocrine disruptors.
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Reference:
Thiazolidine – Wikipedia,
,Thiazolidine – ScienceDirect.com