Month: April 2022

Recommanded Product: Bromoferrocene. The protonation of heteroatoms in aromatic heterocycles can be divided into two categories: lone pairs of electrons are in the aromatic ring conjugated system; and lone pairs of electrons do not participate. Compound: Bromoferrocene, is researched, Molecular C10BrFe, CAS is 1273-73-0, about Dye Regeneration Kinetics in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Author is Daeneke, Torben; Mozer, Attila J.; Uemura, Yu; Makuta, Satoshi; Fekete, Monika; Tachibana, Yasuhiro; Koumura, Nagatoshi; Bach, Udo; Spiccia, Leone.

The ideal driving force for dye regeneration is an important parameter for the design of efficient dye-sensitized solar cells. Here, nanosecond laser transient absorption spectroscopy was used to measure the rates of regeneration of six organic carbazole-based dyes by nine ferrocene derivatives whose redox potentials vary by 0.85 V, resulting in 54 different driving-force conditions. The reaction follows the behavior expected for the Marcus normal region for driving forces below 29 kJ mol-1 (ΔE = 0.30 V). Driving forces of 29-101 kJ mol-1 (ΔE = 0.30-1.05 V) resulted in similar reaction rates, indicating that dye regeneration is diffusion controlled. Quant. dye regeneration (theor. regeneration yield 99.9%) can be achieved with a driving force of 20-25 kJ mol-1 (ΔE ≈ 0.20-0.25 V).

In addition to the literature in the link below, there is a lot of literature about this compound(Bromoferrocene)Recommanded Product: Bromoferrocene, illustrating the importance and wide applicability of this compound(1273-73-0).

Reference:
Thiazolidine – Wikipedia,
Thiazolidine – ScienceDirect.com

SDS of cas: 114527-53-6. The reaction of aromatic heterocyclic molecules with protons is called protonation. Aromatic heterocycles are more basic than benzene due to the participation of heteroatoms. Compound: 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid, is researched, Molecular C10H11NO2, CAS is 114527-53-6, about Discovery of Indoline-2-carboxamide Derivatives as a New Class of Brain-Penetrant Inhibitors of Trypanosoma brucei. Author is Cleghorn, Laura A. T.; Albrecht, Sebastien; Stojanovski, Laste; Simeons, Frederick R. J.; Norval, Suzanne; Kime, Robert; Collie, Iain T.; De Rycker, Manu; Campbell, Lorna; Hallyburton, Irene; Frearson, Julie A.; Wyatt, Paul G.; Read, Kevin D.; Gilbert, Ian H..

There is an urgent need for new, brain penetrant small mols. that target the central nervous system second stage of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT). We report that a series of novel indoline-2-carboxamides have been identified as inhibitors of Trypanosoma brucei from screening of a focused protease library against Trypanosoma brucei brucei in culture. We describe the optimization and characterization of this series. Potent antiproliferative activity was observed The series demonstrated excellent pharmacokinetic properties, full cures in a stage 1 mouse model of HAT, and a partial cure in a stage 2 mouse model of HAT. Lack of tolerability prevented delivery of a fully curative regimen in the stage 2 mouse model and thus further progress of this series.

In addition to the literature in the link below, there is a lot of literature about this compound(1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid)SDS of cas: 114527-53-6, illustrating the importance and wide applicability of this compound(114527-53-6).

Reference:
Thiazolidine – Wikipedia,
Thiazolidine – ScienceDirect.com

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Some reactions of 2,4-dimethylmagnesylpyrrole》. Authors are Ingraffia, F..The article about the compound:Ethyl 3,5-Dimethyl-2-pyrrolecarboxylatecas:2199-44-2,SMILESS:O=C(C1=C(C)C=C(C)N1)OCC).Name: Ethyl 3,5-Dimethyl-2-pyrrolecarboxylate. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:2199-44-2) is conveyed.

Because of the anomalous behavior of magnesylpyrrole with SOCl2 (I) and CS2 (cf. Oddo and Mingoia, C. A. 21, 1458), it was decided to study their action as well as that of ClCO2Et (II) on a little studied derivative of pyrrole, viz., 2,4-dimethylpyrrole (III) in the form of its magnesyl derivative (IV), and on magnesylpyrroles with neg. radicals (to stabilize the ring). IV and II in anhydrous Et2O, heated, and decomposed with ice, yield Et 2,4-dimethyl-5-pyrrolecarboxylate, HN.CMe:CH.CMe:CCO2Et (V), slightly yellow, m. 124°. I in Et2O added to ice-cold IV (2 mols.) in Et2O, after standing decomposed with ice, neutralized with NaHCO3 and purified with difficulty (Et2O, petr. ether, Me2CO and C6H6), yields 3,5,3′,5′-tetramethylpyrro-(2,2′)-sulfone, (HN.CMe:CH.CMe:C)2SO2, dark violet, decomposes around 95° stable toward hot alk. hydroxides, is not reduced by Zn and AcOH, is decomposed with evolution of H2S by Sn in hot HCl. Ag derivative, probably an α’-derivative IV and CS2 in Et2O heated, decomposed with ice, acidified with H2O4, the Et2O-soluble product treated with aqueous NaOH, and acidified when ice-cold, precipitates 2,4-dimethyl-5-dithiopyrrolecarboxylic acid, HN.CMe:CH.CMe:CC(:S)SH (VI), also obtained directly but very impure by drying the Et2O-soluble portion (loc. cit.). It is unstable and immediately oxidizes to 2,4-dimethylthiopyrrole disulfide, [HN.CMe:CH.CMe:CC(:S)S-]2, red, m. 156°. With neutral Pb(OAc)2, the aqueous Na salt (VII) of VI precipitates the Pb salt, [HN.CMe:CH.CMe:CC(:S)S]2Pb, yellow. In darkness, aqueous VI and AgNO3 precipitate the Ag salt, HN.CMe:CH.CMe:CC(:S)SAg, brick-red. No Zn salt is precipitated from aqueous VII and Zn(OAc)2. It was then to be determined whether with a compound containing a neg. CO2Et group, e. g., V, the reaction with EtMgBr is normal, and if so to determine the behavior of the new metal derivative in comparison with III. Actually V and EtMgBr in anhydrous Et2O evolve C2H6 and form the magnesyl derivative (VIII), BrMgN.CMe:CH.CMe:CCO2Et or HN.CMe:C(MgBr).CMe:CCO2Et, yellowish oil. Heated with CS2 or with AcCl in anhydrous Et2O, VIII remains unaltered. This incapacity to react probably depends upon the assumption of the enolic form, N:CMe.CH:CMe.C:C(OMgBr)OEt, as was found with alkyl pyrryl ketones by Oddo (C. A. 19, 2492; Gazz. chim. ital. 40, ii, 15(1910); cf. C. A. 4, 2460).

In addition to the literature in the link below, there is a lot of literature about this compound(Ethyl 3,5-Dimethyl-2-pyrrolecarboxylate)Name: Ethyl 3,5-Dimethyl-2-pyrrolecarboxylate, illustrating the importance and wide applicability of this compound(2199-44-2).

Reference:
Thiazolidine – Wikipedia,
Thiazolidine – ScienceDirect.com

In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called The structural systematics of protonation of some important nitrogen-base ligands. III. Some (univalent) anion salts of some hindered unidentate nitrogen bases, published in 2006, which mentions a compound: 530-66-5, Name is quinoliniumhydrogensulphate, Molecular C9H9NO4S, COA of Formula: C9H9NO4S.

Recent structural studies of salts of the 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinium cation [tmpH]+ (chloride, bromide; thiocyanate) present as interesting dimeric or polymeric associations linked by pairs of directional H-bonds from the cationic = NH+2 moieties to ‘two-coordinate’ anions. Present single crystal x-ray studies have characterized the iodide, perchlorate, nitrate and trifluoroacetate complexes, all, like those of the preceding studies, [tmpH]+X- (anhydrous). A variety of forms are found: the nitrate compound is dimeric [[tmpH](O·NO·O)2[Htmp]], the trifluoroacetate compound being similar in form while the iodide and perchlorate salts are mixtures of dimers (with the anions essentially single atom bridges) and single-stranded helical polymers, the stoichiometric ratio of these being 1:1 and 2:1 in terms of [tmpH]X formula units, resp. A study of 4-keto-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinium thiocyanate shows it to be a dimer [[OtmpH](SCNNSC)[HtmpO]], unlike its previously studied chloride analog which is a cyclic tetramer. A new P21/n phase of diisopropylammonium chloride, derivative of the previously described P212121 and P21 forms, is reported, together with descriptions of protonated salts of the other hindered unidentate bases 2,6-lutidine (as the chloride salt), quinoline (as the perchlorate, trifluoroacetate, hexachlorostannate and bisulfate salts) and 2-quinaldine (as the chloride (anhydrous and monohydrate) and hexachlorostannate salts), all displaying arrays derivative of ion-pair formation (extended by anion-anion H-bonds as well in the bisulfate salt) and, in the case of the aromatic bases, dominated by parallel stacking.

In addition to the literature in the link below, there is a lot of literature about this compound(quinoliniumhydrogensulphate)COA of Formula: C9H9NO4S, illustrating the importance and wide applicability of this compound(530-66-5).

Reference:
Thiazolidine – Wikipedia,
Thiazolidine – ScienceDirect.com

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Iodo derivatives of pyrroles》. Authors are Treibs, Alfred; Kolm, Hans Georg.The article about the compound:Ethyl 3,5-Dimethyl-2-pyrrolecarboxylatecas:2199-44-2,SMILESS:O=C(C1=C(C)C=C(C)N1)OCC).Computed Properties of C9H13NO2. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:2199-44-2) is conveyed.

Although iodo derivatives of pyrrole are quite stable to alkali, the iodine is rather easily replaced by H, Br, Cl, aryl azo, NO2, and CHR groups. Nitropyrroles are prepared almost exclusively by replacing other substituents by the NO2 group. To 6.7 g. pyrrole and 66 g. KI in 400 cc. 25% EtOH at 30° was added 28 g. AcOH, 10 g. AcONa, 38 cc. 10% H2O2, and 50 cc. H2O; the resulting exothermic reaction was kept 20 min. at 45° giving 2,3,4,5-tetraiodopyrrole, m. 162-4° (decomposition) (EtOH). 2,4-Dimethylpyrrole (I) (3 g.) in 100 cc. MeOH and 9 g. K2CO3 in 100 cc. H2O with 64 cc. M KI3 was shaken until colorless and diluted gradually with H2O to give 9.7 g. 3,5-diiodo derivative (II) of I, m. 83° (aqueous MeOH followed by petr. ether), stable for only 1-2 days. I in EtOH and AcOH with KI3 gave a dark oil yielding only 3-8% II. Formed similarly to II was 2,5-dimethyl-3,4-diiodopyrrole, m. 132°, decompose 135-45° (petr. ether containing Et2O followed by vacuum sublimation), very sensitive to light, especially in solution To 1.75 g. 1,2,5-trimethytpyrrole (III) in 125 cc. MeOH and 10 g. K2CO3 in 50 cc. H2O at -10° was added dropwise 16 cc. M KI3, the mixture kept colorless, filtered promptly from a brown precipitate, and evaporated in vacuo; the residue in petr. ether refiltered and evaporated gave 2.7 g. 3-iodo derivative (IV) of III, m. 71° (MeOH or sublimation), decompose within 30 min. in daylight, stable 1-2 days under extreme precautions. III (1 g.) and 10 g. K2CO3 in 180 cc. 60% MeOH treated in 1 portion with 4.6 g. iodine in 50 cc. MeOH gave 3.2 g. 4-iodo derivative of IV, pale yellow, m. 129° (dilute EtOH). Formed similarly to IV from 2,3,4-trimethylpyrrole (V) (using iodine in MeOH), was the 5-iodo derivative of V, m. 90° (petr. ether at -70°), giving a pos. Ehrlich reaction at 20°, decomposing readily in warm solution From 3-formyl derivative of I in alk. MeOH was formed 90.4% 3-formyl-5-iodo derivative of I, m. 157° (MeOH), also prepared in similar yield by treating 2.5 g. 3-formyl derivative of I in 20 cc. EtOH with 3 g. AcONa and 2.3 g. H2O2, acidifying with 2 g. AcOH at 40-50°, and adding 2.3 g. KI in H2O. By either of these methods, the 5-formyl derivative of I gave 84-6% 3-iodo-5-formyl derivative of I, m. 172° (EtOH). In alk. MeOH containing KI3 and in AcOHMeOH with KI and 3% H2O2 2-methyl-3-carbethoxypyrrole (VI) gave 90-94% 4,5-diiodo derivative of VI, pale pink, m. 191° (decomposition) (when rapidly heated). From 2 g. 3-methyl-2,4-dicarbethoxypyrrole (VII) in 30 cc. 50% EtOH at 80° with 8.9 cc. M KI3 (gradually added) was formed 2.8 g. 5-iodo derivative (VIII) of VII, m. 174° (EtOH), also prepared by Kleinspehn and Corwin’s method (C.A. 49, 285g); under these conditions a hitherto undescribed very insoluble dark green iodine adduct of VIII (not analyzed) was also formed. The 5-carbethoxy derivative of I in acid solution by the usual procedures gave 98% 3-iodo-5-carbethoxy derivative (IX) of I, nacreous leaflets, m. 141°, also formed from the 3-carboxy analog of IX by iodination and decarboxylation. IX heated with alk. MeOH gave the 5-CO2Me analog of IX, m. 182°. Formed by the usual procedures from the 3-carbethoxy derivative of I or its 5-carboxy derivative was the 3-carbethoxy-5-iodo derivative (IXa) of I, m. 146°. IX stirred with KOH at 135-40° and acidified with HCl gave 3-iodo-5-carboxy derivative of I, m. 112° (decomposition), giving a pos. Ehrlich reaction; this could not be converted into the 3-iodo derivative of I by thermal decarboxylation. To 3.94 g. of the product formed by condensing VI with BzH (Fischer and Schubert, C.A. 21, 381) in 50 cc. MeOH and 3 g. K2CO3 in 10 cc. H2O was added gradually 20 cc. M KI3 and the mixture boiled briefly giving (HN.CHMe:CR.CI:C)2CHR’ (X) (R = CO2Et, R’ = Ph), m. 217-18° (decomposition) (when rapidly heated). Formed analogously was X (R = CO2Et, R’ = Me), m. 168° (decomposition) (MeOH). In either case X was identified by coupling with p-O2NC6H4N2OAc and subsequent fission giving p-O2C6H4N:NC:CI.CR:CHMe.NH (Xa) (R = CO2Et) (cf. C.A. 52, 13705g). The 4,5-diiodo derivative of VI refluxed with 0.5 g. NH4Cl and 15 cc. 80% EtOH with gradual addition of 0.3 g. Zn dust, filtered, and treated with 75 cc. H2O containing little NH4OH or HCl gave VI, m. 72°. This method failed to remove iodine from the 5-iodo derivative of VII, which however with Zn in warm glacial AcOH gave VII, m. 91°. Under similar conditions the 5-Br derivative of VII remained unchanged. The 4-iodo-5-nitro derivative (Xb) of VI (0.65 g.) refluxed 30 min. with 0.32 g. Natur-kupfer C and 15 cc. glacial AcOH, filtered hot, and treated with 10% HCl gave 90% 5-NO2 derivative of VI, m. 144°, giving deep yellow alk. solutions, yielding pale yellow needles on acidification, giving no Ehrlich reaction and extremely unreactive. The following could be reduced similarly by means of the same catalyst: IX, the 5-iodo derivative of VII, and the 4,5-iodo derivative of VI. None of the corresponding Br derivatives was affected by this catalyst. IX (0.3 g.) in 5 cc. Ac2O warmed gently with 0.8 g. KI did not react until small amounts of H2O were added to the hot solution followed by cold H2O, whereupon a mixture of IX and the 5-CO2Et derivative of I was formed. On long standing the amounts of IX increased, but in the presence of NaHSO3 the yield of 5-CO2Et derivative of I was quant. In the above reaction KBr could replace KI, but KCl or NH4Cl were inactive unless IX was prehydrolyzed with HCl. The 3-iodo-5-carboxy derivative of I warmed with dilute HCl, made alk. with NaOH, and extracted with Et2O gave I (picrate, m. 90°). IX in 10 cc. 70% Et2O treated with BF3, poured on ice, and neutralized with Na2CO3 gave mostly black products and little I. In the presence of Cu, BF3-Et2O reacted with IX at 50° giving 5-CO2Et derivative of I, m. 122°. IXa with equimolar amounts of Ph3P in dry Et2O after 2 hrs. gave unanalyzed yellow crystals (XI), m. 218° (N-free), the filtrate from which gave the 3-CO2Et derivative of I, m. 75°. IX gave a similar reaction with Ph3P but required 2 weeks to give XI; the filtrate gave the 5-CO2Et derivative of I. In 100-200 mg. of various iodo- and bromopyrroles, the % halogen could be determined by treating with equal amounts of KI in 50-80 cc. 80% MeOH at 50-60°, acidifying with 2N H2SO4, and titrating with 0.1N Na2S2O3. Usually the results were satisfactory. However the iodo derivatives of VII and X reacted so slowly with hot methanolic KI solutions that the method could not be used. A technique for the qual. identification of iodine in pyrrole derivatives is described. To 0.5 g. 3,5-di-CO2Et derivative of I in 30 cc. MeOH at 0° 1 g. iodine in MeOH was added gradually and the mixture poured into 400 cc. ice-cold 1% aqueous KI giving the deep blue adduct C12H17NO4.I, m. 146° (after washing with H2O and drying rapidly over P2O5), which in hot EtOH gave the original pyrrole, m. 137°. Similarly, the 5-Bt derivative of VII gave the adduct C11H14BrNO4.I, m. 152-4°, decolorized at 60° by aqueous alcoholic KI, but giving the adduct on cooling. Similar (undescribed) iodine adducts were obtained with pyrrole, VII, and the 5-CO2H derivative of VII; the latter on heating in alk. solution gave VIII. IX (4 g.) was added gradually to 30 cc. concentrated HNO3 at 0°, kept 1 hr., the precipitate washed with H2O and triturated with little aqueous NaHCO3, and extracted with 2 g. KI; the residue gave 2.5 g. 3-nitro-5-carbethoxy derivative (XII) of I, m. 204° (CHCl3); the corresponding 5-CO2Me analog, m. 184°. XII (65%) was also formed by adding the 5-CO2Et derivative of I at 0° to HNO3 and after 10 hrs. pouring into ice H2O. From IXa and HNO3 at -10° was formed 55% 3-carbethoxy-5-nitro derivative of I, m. 149° (dilute EtOH), identical with the compound obtained by Fischer and Zerweck (C.A. 17, 106). From the 4,5-diiodo derivative of VI and HNO3 was formed 75% Xb, m. 181°, and from VIII was formed the 5-NO2 derivative of VII, pale yellow, m. 111° (ligroine). The 4,5-diiodo derivative of VI (0.5 g.) in 30 cc. glacial AcOH with 0.24 g. p-O2NC6H4N2OAc in 5 cc. AcOH gave Xa, orange red, m. 186-7° (decomposition) (EtOH), soluble in MeOH containing NaOH, reprecipitated with acid. Similarly the 4-iodo derivative of IV gave 1,2,5-trimethyl-3-iodo-4-(p-nitrophenylazo)pyrrole, brown needles, sintering 160°, m. 185° (decomposition), 2,3,4,5-Tetraiodopyrrole similarly gave 2,3,4-triiodo-5-(p-nitrophenylazo)pyrrole, red, m. 221° (decomposition), giving a violet solution in alk. MeOH, reprecipitated by HCl. No azo dye was isolated by similar treatment of the 3-formyl-5-iodo and 5-formyl-3-iodo derivatives of I, X, or the 5-NO2 derivative of VI. IXa (2.9 g.) in 25 cc. EtOH was boiled briefly with 0.5 cc. 30% HCHO and 1 cc. concentrated HCl added dropwise giving bis(2,4-dimethyl-3-carbethoxy-5-pyrryl)methene-HCl, red with blue surface luster, m. 224° (cf. Fischer and Zerweck, C.A. 17, 1465), which in boiling EtOH with NH4OH gave the corresponding free methene (XIII), yellow, m. 190°. IXa treated as above, but in cold MeOH, with HCHO and a drop of 2N HCl and after 15 hrs. made barely alk. with 2N NaOH and crystallized from MeOH gave a mixture which was fractionated from CHCl3 giving 18% less soluble bis(2,4-dimethyl-3-carbethoxy-5-pyrryl)methane (XIIIa), m. 224°, whose mother liquor gave 73% XIII. IXa (2.9 g.) in 25 cc. hot EtOH with 0.5 cc. 30% HCHO was heated with 5 g. Na2S2O3 in 15 cc. H2O and acidified with HCl to pH 3. The precipitate was triturated with hot EtOH containing little NaOH and filtered giving XIIIa and from the mother liquor bis(2,4-dimethyl-3-carbethoxy-5-pyrryl) sulfide, C18H24N2O4S, m. 198-200° (slowly heated), 212° (rapid heating) (CHCl3-petr. ether followed by CCl4). IXa in EtOH with BzH and little HCl refluxed 30 min. and made alk. with dilute NH4OH gave 30% ms-phenylbis(2,4-dimethyl-3-carbethoxy-5-pyrryl)methene (XIV), orange-red, m. 158° (MeOH); HCl salt, m. 204°. Very similarly, IXa and 1,4-C6H4(CHO)2 in EtOH with a trace of concentrated HCl refluxed 10 min. gave a dark crystalline deposit which was triturated with 20% EtOH and warm H2O and treated with NH4OH giving p-phenylenebis [ms-bis(2,4-dimethyl-3-carbethoxy-5-pyrryl)methene], pale orange, turning black at 272° (CHCl3 and xylene), turning dark red on exposure to direct sunlight, which when treated with Zn and HCl in EtOH at 40° gave a colorless compound, m. 267° (putatively the corresponding methane, but not analyzed). By the usual procedure, IXa and p-Me2NC6H4CHO yielded ms-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)bis(2,4-dimethyl-3-carbethoxy-5-pyrryl)-methen-HCl, coarse dark crystals, m. 224-5° (even when the alcoholic solution was made alk. with NH4OH), which in 80% MeOH containing a little HCl treated with an excess 2N NaOH and heated gave the free methene, C27H33N3O4, red rodlets with green luster, m. 183°. XIIIa (70 mg.) in 20 cc. MeOH treated gradually with 68 mg. ICl in 2 cc. MeOH gave XIII. XIV was similarly formed from the corresponding methane. Tetrakis(2,4-dimethyl-3-carbethoxy-5-pyrryl)ethane and tris(2,4-dimethyl-3-carbethoxy-5-pyrryl)methane oxidized with ICl both gave XIII. IX (3 g.) in 20 cc. AcOH was boiled 20 min., treated with a mild stream of air, and distilled; any loss of AcOH was compensated for by AcOH addition H2O added to the distillate gave a dark precipitate which treated with C and fractionated from dilute EtOH gave principally the 5-CO2Et derivative of I, m. 122°, very small amounts of 3-Ac-5-CO2Et derivative of I, m. 142°, and after high vacuum sublimation at 120° [MeC:C(CO2Et).NH.CMe:C]2 (XV), m. 186°, showing a pale yellow-green fluorescence in EtOH, colorless in ligroine, giving no Ehrlich test, and forming no azo dye with p-O2NC6H4N2OAc in acid unless previously heated with alk. MeOH, after which both reactions were pos. An attempt to form a bipyrrole derivative analogous to XV by the deiodination of IXa gave an orangered compound, m. 254° (ligroine, CCl4, or CHCl3-Et2O), containing about 63% C, 6.6 H, and 8.0 N; the mother liquor gave 3-CO2Et derivative (XVI) of II, m. 76°. IXa in glacial AcOH with N Br in AcOH with addition of dilute Na2S2O3 gave the corresponding 5-Br analog (XVII) of IXa, m. 96° (decomposition) (when rapidly heated), m. 102° (decomposition), also formed by treating IXa in AcOH with concentrated aqueous HBr and crystallizing from dilute AcOH. When in this reaction excess Na2SO3 was added, XVI was obtained. IXa (200 mg.) in 4 cc. AcOH, 0.5 cc. concentrated HCl, a little H2O, and small amounts of Br followed by (but avoiding an excess of) Na2S2O3 gave the 5-Cl analog of IXa, m. 140° (decomposition) (aqueous MeOH or dilute AcOH), also formed from XVII. The 5-CO2Et derivative of I in AcOH with excess concentrated HCl and equivalent amounts of Br gave 5-CO2Et-3-Cl derivative of I, m. 182-3° (EtOH); 32 references.

In addition to the literature in the link below, there is a lot of literature about this compound(Ethyl 3,5-Dimethyl-2-pyrrolecarboxylate)Computed Properties of C9H13NO2, illustrating the importance and wide applicability of this compound(2199-44-2).

Reference:
Thiazolidine – Wikipedia,
Thiazolidine – ScienceDirect.com

Application In Synthesis of 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid. The fused heterocycle is formed by combining a benzene ring with a single heterocycle, or two or more single heterocycles. Compound: 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid, is researched, Molecular C10H11NO2, CAS is 114527-53-6, about Traceless Electrophilic Amination for the Synthesis of Unprotected Cyclic β-Amino Acids. Author is Yu, Jin-Sheng; Espinosa, Miguel; Noda, Hidetoshi; Shibasaki, Masakatsu.

Electrophilic aminations involve an umpolung of a nitrogen atom, providing an alternate, distinctive synthetic strategy. The recent advent of various designed O-substituted hydroxylamines has significantly advanced this research field. An underappreciated issue is atom economy of the transformations: The necessary activating group on the oxygen atom is left in coproduced waste. Herein, the authors describe Rh-catalyzed electrophilic amination of substituted isoxazolidin-5-ones for the synthesis of unprotected, cyclic β-amino acids featuring either benzo-fused or spirocyclic scaffolds. Using the cyclic hydroxylamines allows for retaining both nitrogen and oxygen functionalities in the product. The traceless, redox neutral process proceeds on a gram scale with as little as 0.1 mol % catalyst loading. In contrast to related electrophilic aminations in the literature, a series of mechanistic experiments suggests a unique pathway involving spirocyclization, followed by the skeletal rearrangement. The insights provided herein shed light on a nuanced reactivity of the active species, Rh-nitrenoid generated from the activated hydroxylamine, and extend the knowledge on electrophilic aromatic substitutions.

In addition to the literature in the link below, there is a lot of literature about this compound(1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid)Application In Synthesis of 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid, illustrating the importance and wide applicability of this compound(114527-53-6).

Reference:
Thiazolidine – Wikipedia,
Thiazolidine – ScienceDirect.com

The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: Bromoferrocene, is researched, Molecular C10BrFe, CAS is 1273-73-0, about Monohalogenated ferrocenes C5H5FeC5H4X (X = Cl, Br and I) and a second polymorph of C5H5FeC5H4I, the main research direction is crystal structure monohalogenated ferrocene polymorph; mol structure monohalogenated ferrocene polymorph; lattice energy iodoferrocene polymorph.Application of 1273-73-0.

The structures of the three title monosubstituted ferrocenes, 1-chloroferrocene, [Fe(C5H5)(C5H4Cl)], (I), 1-bromoferrocene, [Fe(C5H5)(C5H4Br)], (II), and 1-iodoferrocene, [Fe(C5H5)(C5H4I)], (III), were determined at 100 K. The chloro- and bromoferrocenes are isomorphous crystals. The new triclinic polymorph [space group P1̅, Z = 4, T = 100 K] of iodoferrocene, (III), and the previously reported monoclinic polymorph of (III) were obtained by crystallization from EtOH solutions at 253 and 303 K, resp. All four phases contain two independent mols. in the unit cell. The relative orientations of the cyclopentadienyl (Cp) rings are eclipsed and staggered in the independent mols. of (I) and (II), while (III) demonstrates only an eclipsed conformation. The triclinic and monoclinic polymorphs of (III) contain nonbonded intermol. I···I contacts, causing different packing modes. In the triclinic form of (III), the mols. are arranged in zigzag tetramers, while in the monoclinic form the mols. are arranged in zigzag chains along the a axis. Crystallog. data for (III), along with the computed lattice energies of the two polymorphs, suggest that the monoclinic form is more stable.

In addition to the literature in the link below, there is a lot of literature about this compound(Bromoferrocene)Application of 1273-73-0, illustrating the importance and wide applicability of this compound(1273-73-0).

Reference:
Thiazolidine – Wikipedia,
Thiazolidine – ScienceDirect.com

Epoxy compounds usually have stronger nucleophilic ability, because the alkyl group on the oxygen atom makes the bond angle smaller, which makes the lone pair of electrons react more dissimilarly with the electron-deficient system. Compound: Bromoferrocene, is researched, Molecular C10BrFe, CAS is 1273-73-0, about Stochastic detection and characterisation of individual ferrocene derivative tagged graphene nanoplatelets.Recommanded Product: Bromoferrocene.

Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) are ‘tagged’ with 1-(biphen-4-yl)ferrocene. Chronoamperometry is then utilized to observe single particle impacts when GNPs suspended in solution collide with a carbon fiber micro wire electrode held at an oxidizing potential, resulting in current/time transient “”spikes””. The impacts are associated with two types of charge transfer: Faradaic due to oxidation of the ‘tag’ and capacitative due to disruption of the double layer. Anal. of the spikes suggests approx. monolayer coverage of 1-(biphen-4-yl)ferrocene on the GNP surfaces, with a surface coverage of (2.2 ± 0.3) × 10-10 mol cm-2. In contrast non-derivatized ferrocene does not exhibit any significant adsorption on the GNP material.

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Reference:
Thiazolidine – Wikipedia,
Thiazolidine – ScienceDirect.com

Quality Control of Ethyl 3,5-Dimethyl-2-pyrrolecarboxylate. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: Ethyl 3,5-Dimethyl-2-pyrrolecarboxylate, is researched, Molecular C9H13NO2, CAS is 2199-44-2, about Acetylene condensation in a series of pyrroles. Author is Sundukova, T. A.; Vasilevskii, S. F.; Shvartsberg, M. S.; Kotlyarevskii, I. L..

Condensation of Et 4-iodo-3,5-dimethylpyrrole-2-carboxylate with HCCR(R = Ph, morpholinomethyl) in Et2NH in the presence of Pd (PPh3)2Cl2 and CuI gave ethynylpyrroles I in 64 and 68% yield, resp. Similar reaction with HOCMe2CCH gave the deiodinated product in 18% yield. Treatment of II (R = I) with CuCCPh in pyridine-DMF at reflux gave 78.0% II (R = CCPh). Deiodination of III (R = I) (IV) was easier than with the 4-iodo-2-carboxylate derivative but more difficult than II (R = I). In the presence of Pd complex catalyst condensation of IV and PhCCH gave concurrent redn and substitution.

In addition to the literature in the link below, there is a lot of literature about this compound(Ethyl 3,5-Dimethyl-2-pyrrolecarboxylate)Quality Control of Ethyl 3,5-Dimethyl-2-pyrrolecarboxylate, illustrating the importance and wide applicability of this compound(2199-44-2).

Reference:
Thiazolidine – Wikipedia,
Thiazolidine – ScienceDirect.com

Recommanded Product: Ethyl 3,5-Dimethyl-2-pyrrolecarboxylate. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can also be classified according to the number of heteroatoms contained in the heterocycle: single heteroatom, two heteroatoms, three heteroatoms and four heteroatoms. Compound: Ethyl 3,5-Dimethyl-2-pyrrolecarboxylate, is researched, Molecular C9H13NO2, CAS is 2199-44-2, about Automated Microflow NMR: Routine Analysis of Five-Microliter Samples. Author is Jansma, Ariane; Chuan, Tiffany; Albrecht, Robert W.; Olson, Dean L.; Peck, Timothy L.; Geierstanger, Bernhard H..

A microflow CapNMR probe double-tuned for 1H and 13C was installed on a 400-MHz NMR spectrometer and interfaced to an automated liquid handler. Individual samples dissolved in DMSO-d6 are submitted for NMR anal. in vials containing as little as 10 μL of sample. Sets of samples are submitted in a low-volume 384-well plate. Of the 10 μL of sample per well, as with vials, 5 μL is injected into the microflow NMR probe for anal. For quality control of chem. libraries, 1D NMR spectra are acquired under full automation from 384-well plates on as many as 130 compounds within 24 h using 128 scans per spectrum and a sample-to-sample cycle time of ∼11 min. Because of the low volume requirements and high mass sensitivity of the microflow NMR system, 30 nmol of a typical small mol. is sufficient to obtain high-quality, well-resolved, 1D proton or 2D COSY NMR spectra in ∼6 or 20 min of data acquisition time per experiment, resp. Implementation of pulse programs with automated solvent peak identification and suppression allow for reliable data collection, even for samples submitted in fully protonated DMSO. The automated microflow NMR system is controlled and monitored using web-based software.

In addition to the literature in the link below, there is a lot of literature about this compound(Ethyl 3,5-Dimethyl-2-pyrrolecarboxylate)Recommanded Product: Ethyl 3,5-Dimethyl-2-pyrrolecarboxylate, illustrating the importance and wide applicability of this compound(2199-44-2).

Reference:
Thiazolidine – Wikipedia,
Thiazolidine – ScienceDirect.com